Kenya’s energy sector, under the Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority’s (EPRA) oversight, closed the financial year 2024/2025 on a high note, with electricity generation recording the strongest growth rate in three years. Renewables supplied 80% of Kenya’s power, while power demand hit a new national record.
Key Highlights
- Energy generated: grew by 5.8% to 14,472 GWh
- LPG demand: up 15% to 414,861 metric tonnes
- Peak demand: up 6.4% to 2,316.2 MW
- Time of Use: saved KES 1.438 billion
Electricity generation hit 14,472GWh, up 5.8% from 13,684 GWh generated in the previous financial year. The growth is attributed to increased grid connectivity and increased economic activity. May 2025 recorded the highest monthly energy generation at 1,246.54 GWh, driven by improved system reliability during the month, while February 2025 recorded the lowest generation at 1,131.45 GWh.
Across energy sources, electricity imports recorded the highest increase, up 28% to 1,533.85 GWh in the year to June 2025. Imports from Ethiopia amounted to 1,274.42 GWh (83.1%), from Uganda accounted for 225.64GWh (14.7%), while Tanzania accounted for 33.79 GWh (2.2%).
Renewables supplied 80.2% of the country’s power, led by geothermal accounting for 39.5%, hydro 24.2%, and wind 13.2%.
In the year under review, Kenya recorded a peak demand of 2,316.2MW on February 12, 2025, up 6.4% from a peak of 2,177MW in the previous financial year. This was the highest increase recorded in the last five years.
Electricity Access and Consumption
In the year under review, 395,490 new customers were connected, bringing the total number of grid-connected customers to 10,045,775. This was a decline in new customer connections from 517,666 new grid connections in the previous financial year.
Industrial customers remained the largest users, accounting for 49.6% of the total electricity consumption, using 5,620.7GWh. Domestic users recorded the largest growth (+13%) in the consumer category to 3,640.32 GWh, accounting for 32% of the total consumption.
Small commercial users and street lighting accounted for 16.9% and 1.3% of the total electricity consumption, respectively. E-Mobility consumption surged by 300% to 5.04GWh from 1.26GWh in the previous year, primarily due to increased uptake of the E-Mobility tariff.
Petroleum Sector Highlights
The volume of petroleum imported edged higher by 7.7% to 9.76 million m3, mainly driven by increased local and regional demand. Domestic consumption was up by 6.9% to 5.8 million m3 on a marginal decline in petroleum prices and heightened economic activities. On the other hand, LPG demand grew by 15% to 414,861 metric tonnes in 2024, driven by government incentives including the zero-rating of LPG.
Murban crude oil price has been on a downward trajectory over the period, mainly due to slower demand growth and increased production by OPEC+. Under the review period, crude oil price hit a maximum price of $89.14/bbl in July 2024, and a low of $67.73/bbl.
EPRA’s Energy Regulations 2025 and Efficiency
In a bid to enhance energy efficiency, the Energy and Petroleum Regulations Authority (EPRA) introduced a new set of rules, Energy (Energy Management) Regulations 2025, gazetted on 7th February 2025. Major provisions of the new regulations included:
- Carrying out regular energy assessments and implement efficiency improvements that deliver at least 50% of the potential cost and energy savings identified.
- Developing standard performance targets to guide energy use across different industries.
- Licensing and regulating Energy Service Companies (ESCOs).
System losses averaged 23.4%, 5.9% higher than EPRA’s 17.5% target. The losses for the period were 0.15% higher than the losses recorded in the year ended June 2024. Time of use tariff reached a cumulative 180.3 GWh in consumption, saving KES 1.44 billion for large users.
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